Thursday, January 30, 2014

                 
                           Important Dynasties of Ancient India
                                                 
KASI Dynasty
Ø  One Of its ruler ASHRASENA was the father of 23rd  Jain Thirthangara PARASAVANATH who lived 250 years before Mahavira
Ø  Annexed by Kosala

HARYANKA Dynasty:
BIMBISARA:
Ø  His Foreign Policy is Matrimonial Alliance
Ø  He married Koshala Devi, Sister of Kosala Ruler PARSENAJIT and got Kasi as dowry
AJATASHATRU:
Ø  Father: Bimbisara
Ø  Mother: Chellana, Lichchhavi Princes
Ø  First Buddhist Council @ Rajgir (483 BC-Prez: Makasappa)
Ø  Conquered Vajjis Confederation after a prolonged struggle
UDAYIN:
Ø  Found a city called PATALIPUTRA and made it as capital
Ø  Killed by his minister SHISUNAGA

SHISUNAGA Dynasty:
SHISUNAGA: Annexed Avanthi
KALASOKA:
Ø  Second Buddhist Council @ Vaishali (383 BC-Prez: Sabhagami)
Ø  Killed by his minister MAHAPADMANANDA
NANDHA Dynasty:
MAHAPADMANANDA:
Ø  Famously called Ugrasena (Terrible Army)
Ø  Annexed Kalinga before Asoka (source: Hathigumba Inscription, Hathigumba, Orissa during period of  Kalingan King KARAVELA)


DHANANANDHA:
Ø  Last Ruler
Ø  Alexander’s Invasion (326BC) during his period, but he did not fight with Alexander
Ø  Defeated by Chandragupta Maurya with the help of a Brahmin named Vishnu Gupta / Chankya / Kautilya

MAURYAN Dynasty:
CHANDRA GUPTA MAURYA:
Ø  Meet Alexander @ Taxila; Followed Jainism
Ø  Defeated Indo Greek ruler SELEUCUS NICADOR(his ambassador was MAGASTHANESE whose work are compiled as book called INDICA)
Ø  Because of 12 year famine in gangetic plain he abdicated the throne to his son and came to Mysore (Chandragiri) to spread Jainism in South (lead by: BHADRABAHU who fasted unto death and died->called SALLEKANA->to obtain moksha)
BINDUSARA:
Ø  Famously called Amitra Kartha (Slayer of foes); Followed Ajivikaism
Ø  Recieved a Greek (Syria) ambassador DERMAELUS sent by the ruler ANTIOCHUS. Bindusara requested him to sent wine, fig and a philosopher or a sophist but Antiochus sent only wine and fig as per their custom.
ASOKA:
Ø  His concept was Dharma or Dhamma
Ø  To propagate it, he issued edict or inscriptions---Pillar and Rock (Minor and Major (14)).These edicts tell about the Kings Life.
Ø  Among the 14, 2nd and 13th edicts are important
Ø  2nd->Asoka planted trees and laid roads & sent medical missionaries to neighbouring countries viz Chera, Chola, Pandiyas
Ø  13th->Fought Kalinga War in 201BC; Sent Buddhist missionaries to neighbouring countries; Also used the word “Andrakas”
Ø  Third Buddhist Council @ Pataliputra (250BC-Prez: Mokaliputta Tissa)
BRCHARTHRAKA:
Ø  Last Mauriyan Ruler Killed by his minister PUSHYAMITHRA SUNGA
SUNGA Dynasty:
PUSHYAMITHRA SUNGA:
Ø  He was a Brahmin->So Brahmin revivalism took place
Ø  Great grammarian or Father of Yoga PATHANJALI lived in his court
AGNIMITHRA:
Ø  He was the hero or central play of Kalidasa’s  book MALAVIKA AGNIMITHRA
BHAGAMITHRA/BHAGAVATHA GUPTA:
Ø  Visit of Greek Ambassador Heliodorous (he was converted into Bhagavathism){source: Besanagar Inscription, Madhya Pradesh}
DEVABHUTI:
Ø  Last Sunga Ruler; Killed by his minister VASUDEVA KANVA
KANVA Dynasty:
VASUDEVA KANVA: First Ruler
SUSARMAN: Was defeated and killed by SATAVAHANA ruler PULAMAYI I
SATAVAHANA Dynasty:
Ø  They were Andhra People; Language: Prakrit; Founder: Simuka; Capital: Pratisthan/Python on the bank of river Godavari
Ø  Issued a typical Coin called Potin (made of tin)
HALA: Wrote a book called GATASAPTASATI/SATHASI->says about love and lust
GAUTMIPUTRA SATAKARANI: Gave importance to woman
PULAMAYI IV: Last Ruler
GUPTA Dynasty:
CHANDRA GUPTA: Married Lichchavi Princess Kumaradevi; Issued Kumaradevi type of coin
SAMUDRA GUPTA: Called as Indian Napolean; Son of Chandra Gupta; Veena Player; Achievements are mentioned in Allahabad Inscription written by his commander HARISENA
CHANDRA GUPTA II: Achievements mentioned in Iron Pillar in Meruli (Old Delhi); Visit of Chinese traveller FA-HIEN (But he never met King); Took the title Chandra Gupta Vikramaditya
KUMARA GUPTA: Built Nalanada University @ Bihar; First Invasion of Huna (But got defeated)
SKANDHA GUPTA: Repeated Invasion of Huna Rulers but got defeated
VISHNU GUPTA: Last Ruler of Gupta Empire       

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