Important Dynasties
of Ancient India
KASI
Dynasty
Ø One
Of its ruler ASHRASENA was the father of 23rd Jain Thirthangara PARASAVANATH who lived 250
years before Mahavira
Ø Annexed
by Kosala
HARYANKA
Dynasty:
BIMBISARA:
Ø His
Foreign Policy is Matrimonial Alliance
Ø He
married Koshala Devi, Sister of Kosala Ruler PARSENAJIT and got Kasi as dowry
AJATASHATRU:
Ø Father:
Bimbisara
Ø Mother:
Chellana, Lichchhavi Princes
Ø First
Buddhist Council @ Rajgir (483 BC-Prez: Makasappa)
Ø Conquered
Vajjis Confederation after a prolonged struggle
UDAYIN:
Ø Found
a city called PATALIPUTRA and made it as capital
Ø Killed
by his minister SHISUNAGA
SHISUNAGA
Dynasty:
SHISUNAGA: Annexed
Avanthi
KALASOKA:
Ø Second
Buddhist Council @ Vaishali (383 BC-Prez: Sabhagami)
Ø Killed
by his minister MAHAPADMANANDA
NANDHA
Dynasty:
MAHAPADMANANDA:
Ø Famously
called Ugrasena (Terrible Army)
Ø Annexed
Kalinga before Asoka (source: Hathigumba Inscription, Hathigumba, Orissa during
period of Kalingan King KARAVELA)
DHANANANDHA:
Ø Last
Ruler
Ø Alexander’s
Invasion (326BC) during his period, but he did not fight with Alexander
Ø Defeated
by Chandragupta Maurya with the help of a Brahmin named Vishnu Gupta / Chankya /
Kautilya
MAURYAN
Dynasty:
CHANDRA GUPTA
MAURYA:
Ø Meet
Alexander @ Taxila; Followed Jainism
Ø Defeated
Indo Greek ruler SELEUCUS NICADOR(his ambassador was MAGASTHANESE whose work
are compiled as book called INDICA)
Ø Because
of 12 year famine in gangetic plain he abdicated the throne to his son and came
to Mysore (Chandragiri) to spread Jainism in South (lead by: BHADRABAHU who
fasted unto death and died->called SALLEKANA->to obtain moksha)
BINDUSARA:
Ø Famously
called Amitra Kartha (Slayer of foes); Followed Ajivikaism
Ø Recieved
a Greek (Syria) ambassador DERMAELUS sent by the ruler ANTIOCHUS. Bindusara
requested him to sent wine, fig and a philosopher or a sophist but Antiochus
sent only wine and fig as per their custom.
ASOKA:
Ø His
concept was Dharma or Dhamma
Ø To
propagate it, he issued edict or inscriptions---Pillar and Rock (Minor and
Major (14)).These edicts tell about the Kings Life.
Ø Among
the 14, 2nd and 13th edicts are important
Ø 2nd->Asoka
planted trees and laid roads & sent medical missionaries to neighbouring
countries viz Chera, Chola, Pandiyas
Ø 13th->Fought
Kalinga War in 201BC; Sent Buddhist missionaries to neighbouring countries;
Also used the word “Andrakas”
Ø Third
Buddhist Council @ Pataliputra (250BC-Prez: Mokaliputta Tissa)
BRCHARTHRAKA:
Ø Last
Mauriyan Ruler Killed by his minister PUSHYAMITHRA SUNGA
SUNGA
Dynasty:
PUSHYAMITHRA
SUNGA:
Ø He
was a Brahmin->So Brahmin revivalism took place
Ø Great
grammarian or Father of Yoga PATHANJALI lived in his court
AGNIMITHRA:
Ø He was
the hero or central play of Kalidasa’s book MALAVIKA AGNIMITHRA
BHAGAMITHRA/BHAGAVATHA
GUPTA:
Ø Visit
of Greek Ambassador Heliodorous (he was converted into Bhagavathism){source: Besanagar
Inscription, Madhya Pradesh}
DEVABHUTI:
Ø Last
Sunga Ruler; Killed by his minister VASUDEVA KANVA
KANVA
Dynasty:
VASUDEVA KANVA:
First Ruler
SUSARMAN: Was
defeated and killed by SATAVAHANA ruler PULAMAYI I
SATAVAHANA
Dynasty:
Ø They
were Andhra People; Language: Prakrit; Founder: Simuka; Capital: Pratisthan/Python
on the bank of river Godavari
Ø Issued
a typical Coin called Potin (made of tin)
HALA: Wrote a
book called GATASAPTASATI/SATHASI->says about love and lust
GAUTMIPUTRA
SATAKARANI: Gave importance to woman
PULAMAYI IV:
Last Ruler
GUPTA
Dynasty:
CHANDRA GUPTA:
Married Lichchavi Princess Kumaradevi; Issued Kumaradevi type of coin
SAMUDRA GUPTA:
Called as Indian Napolean; Son of Chandra Gupta; Veena Player; Achievements are
mentioned in Allahabad Inscription written by his commander HARISENA
CHANDRA GUPTA
II: Achievements mentioned in Iron Pillar in Meruli (Old Delhi); Visit of Chinese
traveller FA-HIEN (But he never met King); Took the title Chandra Gupta
Vikramaditya
KUMARA GUPTA:
Built Nalanada University @ Bihar; First Invasion of Huna (But got defeated)
SKANDHA GUPTA:
Repeated Invasion of Huna Rulers but got defeated
VISHNU GUPTA:
Last Ruler of Gupta Empire
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